CPBF Seminar Series with Tzer Han Tan, University of California, San Diego ⎸ Chiral and odd dynamics in living matter

Date
Sep 16, 2024, 12:30 pm1:30 pm
Location
Joseph Henry Room, Jadwin Hall
Audience
PHysics/Biophysics faculty, post docs, grad students

Details

Event Description

Chirality is prevalent in nature and plays a crucial role in contexts ranging from left-right symmetry breaking in animal development to shaping material properties in synthetic systems. In this talk, I will discuss how chirality can emerge in multicellular systems, and how collectives of chiral particles exhibit novel material properties such as odd elasticity. Using rotating spherical tissues as a model, we found that collective cell dynamics on a sphere spontaneously break chiral symmetry. We traced this symmetry breaking to the placement of topological defects in cell polarity fields, revealing a general mechanism for left-right symmetry breaking, which we are currently investigating in sea star early morphogenesis. In the second part, I will present our recent discovery on how rotating sea star embryos spontaneously self-assemble into a living chiral crystal. Interestingly, we found that nonreciprocal interactions between the embryos lead to the emergence of active strain cycles and anomalous defect strain field, both key signatures of odd elasticity. Building on this, we are now developing a rotating robotic swarm to further interrogate phase transitions in odd active solid. Together, our works demonstrate how the interplay between chirality and nonequilibrium activity can determine emergent material properties and functions in living active matter.